Which psychological interventions improve quality of life in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Autor(en)

Eleni Petkari, Elena Nikolaou, Sandra Oberleiter, Stefan Priebe, Jakob Pietschnig

Abstrakt

Quality of life (QoL) is a major patient reported outcome used to measure the psychological treatments success in people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. To date, the specific impact of different interventions on QoL remains undefined. A meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) was carried out for this purpose. We searched Proquest, PUBMED/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, WOS, Scopus, the Cochrane Library for RCTs published until January 2023. We used multilevel meta-analysis to examine differences between intervention effectiveness of experimental and control conditions whilst accounting for data dependencies. By means of subgroup analyses, we investigated influences of intervention types (i.e. psychoeducation v. CBT v. cognitive v. combination of several types v. other, such as psychodynamic, systemic, etc.) and continuous moderators were examined with precision-weighted meta-regressions. The generalizability of results across moderators, their combinations, and analytical approaches was investigated with multiverse meta-analyses. We examined data of 60 independent studies, reporting intervention effects for objective and subjective QoL (k = 19 and 70 effect sizes based on N = 1024 and 6254 participants, respectively). Overall, psychological interventions seemed to be more effective for objective than for subjective QoL. However, specific intervention results were differentiated, suggesting largest effects of psychoeducation on objective and combined interventions on subjective QoL. Our findings suggest that QoL is a valid outcome criterion for testing intervention effectiveness, as it is sensitive to change. Additionally, psychological interventions can improve patients' QoL, though the effects are small. Further testing of less widely used interventions and a shift toward the multidimensional nature of QoL is still necessary.

Organisation(en)

Institut für Psychologie der Entwicklung und Bildung

Externe Organisation(en)

Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Queen Mary University of London, independent researcher

Journal

PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE

Seiten

1-24

ISSN

0033-2917

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723003070

Publikationsdatum

2023

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

501004 Differentielle Psychologie

Schlagwörter

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Psychiatry and Mental health, Applied Psychology

Link zum Portal

https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/de/publications/which-psychological-interventions-improve-quality-of-life-in-patients-with-schizophreniaspectrum-disorders-a-metaanalysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials(9c405e3b-e038-444a-98df-4d33d6664836).html