Smoking behavior is associated with suicidality in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder

Autor(en): Jakob Pietschnig, Sandra Oberleiter, Marcel Köhler
Abstrakt: Smoking behavior has been well-established to be more prevalent in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder compared to the general population. However, reports about higher suicide attempt prevalence of smoking compared to non-smoking patients suggest that smoking behavior may contribute to identifying at-risk groups of patients in a comparatively easy manner. In the present systematic quantitative review, we provide meta-analytical evidence on the smoking and suicide attempt link in 22 studies (k = 27 independent samples; N = 11,452) of patients with psychosis and bipolar disorder. We observed a small meaningful effect of smoking on suicide attempts (OR = 1.70; 95% CI [1.48; 1.95]), indicating that smokers have 1.70 the odds of having reported a suicide attempt compared to non-smokers. This effect generalized across diagnosis type (i.e., schizophrenia vs. bipolar spectrum disorder), sample type (i.e., in-vs. outpatients), and participant sex. However, the observed summary effect appeared somewhat inflated due to publication process-related mechanisms, showing some evidence for effect-inflating publication bias and a decline effect. In all, the presently observed smoking and suicide attempt link appears to be small but meaningful and robust, thus suggesting smoking status represents a useful variable for the identification of at-risk populations for suicide attempts.
Organisation(en): Institut für Psychologie der Entwicklung und Bildung
Externe Organisation(en): Universität Wien
Journal: Frontiers in Psychology
Band: 15
ISSN: 1664-1078
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1369669
Publikationsdatum: 2024
Peer-reviewed: Ja
ÖFOS 2012: 501018 Psychologische Diagnostik, 501004 Differentielle Psychologie
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete: Allgemeine Psychologie
Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen
Link zum Portal: https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/1e9555fd-5e0a-4ab3-ac94-954cb37571be